Imperfect Labor Markets

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It isn’t my normal practice to review technical books or textbooks on this blog, so here I’m just flagging up new edition of [amazon_link id=”0691158932″ target=”_blank” ]The Economics of Imperfect Labor Markets[/amazon_link] by Tito Boeri and Jan van Ours. My PhD thesis many years ago was about the macroeconomic applicability (or not) of various labour market models, and whether there were meaningful links between the market analysis and the aggregate, so I was interested in this book.

[amazon_image id=”0691158932″ link=”true” target=”_blank” size=”medium” ]The Economics of Imperfect Labor Markets: Second Edition[/amazon_image]

While I haven’t read it from cover to cover of course, it looks like a fantastic resources for labour market economics courses. It weaves together data and theory, and the presentation is grounded in actual labour market institutions and policies – minimum wages, unions, anti-discrimination laws, active labour market policies, returns to training. There is a lot of cross-country comparison, a welcome changed from mainly US-centric books. The new edition updates the empirical sections. The book ends with a summary of available data. Really well worth a look if you are teaching or studying this field.

Antifragile books

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I’m about half way through Nassim Taleb’s [amazon_link id=”0141038225″ target=”_blank” ]Antifragile[/amazon_link], and although enjoying reading it, I don’t yet know what I think. I’ll review it later.

[amazon_image id=”0141038225″ link=”true” target=”_blank” size=”medium” ]Antifragile: Things that Gain from Disorder[/amazon_image]

Meanwhile, I loved this observation:

“Books have a secret mission and ability to multiply, as everyone who has wall-to-wall bookshelves knows well.”

It reminded me of reading once that books are a successful life-form because they replicate themselves so much. Coincidentally, the New Republic has this article on the way book publishing is not only surviving digital disruption but thriving. The healthy state of innovation in publishing is something I’ve written about before.

Liberty and reality

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Five years ago, as the financial crisis looked like taking down the banking system, I took out as much money as my card was permitted to get from ATMs, and stashed it in various books on my shelves. Whenever I find myself short of cash I can still browse through a few titles on the off-chance of finding a couple of tenners.

So it was that this morning I picked up a 2008 reissue of Walter Lippmann’s classic 1920 essay [amazon_link id=”B007S7H448″ target=”_blank” ]Liberty and the News[/amazon_link].

[amazon_image id=”B007S7H448″ link=”true” target=”_blank” size=”medium” ](LIBERTY AND THE NEWS) BY Lippmann, Walter(Author)Paperback Oct-2007[/amazon_image]

There is great merit in reading old books because you find that current preoccupations are always echoes of past debates, although of course the context changes. Lippmann’s essay is full of insight and seems particularly timely again now. Here is one conclusion:

“The cardinal fact is always the loss of contact with objective information. Public as well as private reason depends on it. Not what somebody says, not what somebody wishes were true, but what is so beyond all our opining, constitutes the touchstone of our sanity. … Liberty is the name we give to measures by which we protect and increase the veracity of the information upon which we act.”

[amazon_link id=”1440047510″ target=”_blank” ]Liberty and the News[/amazon_link] – my edition has a foreword by Ronald Steel and an afterword by Sidney Blumnethal – is well worth a read. Members of the reality-based community will find it uplifting, although of course other copies will not have £20 stashed inside the front cover. (And if I’m meeting you today, I’ll now be able to pay for the coffee.)

Obsolete social capital

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In preparing for a workshop on trust and the economy early next week, I picked up Robert Puttnam’s famous [amazon_link id=”0743203046″ target=”_blank” ]Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community[/amazon_link], which I read in 2000 and not since. It isn’t too hard to supplement Puttnam’s tale of declining mutual cohesion and understanding with the additional evidence of executive/financial greed during the mid-2000s boom and its aftermath.

[amazon_image id=”0743203046″ link=”true” target=”_blank” size=”medium” ]Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community[/amazon_image]

Of course, social capital has an ugly side, as Dalibor Rohac points out in an article in The Umlaut (which seems a very promising new magazine). It depends on the scope and aims of the group of people among whom there is social cohesion. In the presence of a tightly cohesive ‘in’ group, such as a mafia family, or predatory political party, or circle of corporate executives rewarding each other generously, it is just as well not to be a member of the ‘out’ group.

Still, economic policy requires ample social capital to the extent that it requires trade-offs between groups or over time between generations. People in general need to believe that even if a policy does nothing for them – or harms their interests – now, it will be worthwhile in the end. Puttnam concluded: “Over the last three decades a variety of social, economic and technological changes have rendered obsolete a significant stock of America’s social capital.” We need, he said, a new era of civic investment.

This challenge of building new institutions is a bit of an obsession of mine – it was my theme at FutureFest recently. If our stock of social capital has become obsolete, there’s nothing for it but to invest in new kinds of social institution. On optimistic days, I think there’s plenty of that going on, but it isn’t clear.

Update: Moments after posting, I read this excellent Scotsman article by John McTernan about trust in politics (lack of) and the ‘small battalions’ of party workers.

Iconoclasm incoming

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A new book, [amazon_link id=”1118515668″ target=”_blank” ]The Road To Recovery: How and why economic policy must change[/amazon_link] by Andrew Smithers has just arrived – I’ll be reviewing it for the World Economic Forum blog in due course. It was well-reviewed earlier this week by John Authers in the FT, who wrote: “Long one of the best-known and most respected analysts in the City of London, in my experience he provokes anger and annoyance in the Square Mile like almost no other.” This reminded me of receiving from Mr Smithers in 2001, in my last days as Economics Editor of The Independent, a research report with the title ‘Britain: The World’s Biggest Hedge Fund’. It was intentionally provocative but that iconoclastic clarity of vision about the unfavourable gap between the UK’s overseas assets and liabilities was rare in those days at the tail end of the first dot com boom. I’m looking forward to reading the book.

[amazon_image id=”1118515668″ link=”true” target=”_blank” size=”medium” ]The Road to Recovery: How and Why Economic Policy Must Change[/amazon_image]